Heat Exhaustion

When temperatures sore during the summer, our bodies sometimes have difficulty controlling heat gain to maintain a healthy, core temperature. The result is heat exhaustion, a heat-related syndrome caused by exposure to high temperatures and humidity, often accompanied by dehydration and strenuous physical activity. 

Typically, symptoms of heat exhaustion occur gradually and include the following.

•  Faintness
• Nausea
• Heavy sweating
• Weak, rapid pulse
• Low blood pressure
• Cool, moist, pale skin
• Low-grade fever
• Heat cramps
• Headache
• Fatigue
• Dark-colored urine

If these symptoms worsen or persist for more than 30 minutes, heat stroke, a life-threatening illness, can occur. When body temperature climbs higher than 102 F, or an individual become disoriented, call 911 immediately. Otherwise, take the following steps to help yourself or someone else cool off.

• Get into a shady or air-conditioned area, out of the sun.
• Lie down and slightly elevate the legs and feet.  
• Drink cool water.
• While fanning, spray or sponge the person with cool water.
• Loosen clothing.

With common sense and careful monitoring of the weather, heat exhaustion and heat stroke can be prevented by taking particular precautions and knowing who is at risk. Those under the age of 4 and over the age of 65 have more difficulty regulating body temperature, as do those who are overweight. Taking certain medications, such as tranquilizers, antihistamines, beta-blockers and diuretics, also increases one’s chances for a heat-related illness. Avoid sunburn, and wear loose, lightweight clothing when outside. And if possible, avoid exposing yourself to high temperatures and humidity, and stay indoors.